Site Management · Mandatory · Construction
Crane Lift Plan
The Crane Lift Plan provides detailed engineering calculations and methodology for crane lifting operations, covering crane configuration, outrigger positions, ground bearing capacity, load radius, boom length, and wind speed limitations. It is prepared by the appointed person or lift engineer and must account for all variables including tandem lifts, blind lifts, and proximity to overhead power lines or other obstructions.
Last reviewed: 29 March 2026 — This guide reflects UK law as of this date. LOLER 1998 remains current with no amendments enacted as of 29 March 2026. Next scheduled review: 29 March 2027.
1. The Crane Lift Plan — The Most Detailed Lifting Document
The crane lift plan is the most detailed and comprehensive lifting document — specific to crane type, load, and site configuration. It adds crane-specific detail: load charts, radius curves, outrigger configurations, and for critical lifts, structural engineering calculations.
The Appointed Person produces or approves the plan and confirms on lift day that all conditions match. The AP must be on site for complex or critical lifts — not available by phone.
The load must be weighed or its weight confirmed by engineering data — estimated weights are not acceptable
The single most dangerous input is inaccurate load weight. Underestimating means the crane may exceed its rated capacity. Weight must be confirmed by: direct weighing (load cell or weighbridge); manufacturer's confirmed shipping weight; or engineering calculation signed by a structural engineer. Programme assumptions and estimates are not acceptable.
2. Crane Lift Plan — Key Content
| Element | Content |
|---|---|
| Load data | Description. Confirmed weight (method: weigh/manufacturer/engineering calc). Dimensions. Centre of gravity. Attachment/rigging points. |
| Crane specification | Type/model. Max gross capacity. Configuration: jib length, radius, load chart reference. Capacity at operational radius. Percentage of capacity: [load/capacity] x 100. |
| Rigging | Accessories: type, SWL, length. Configuration (double leg, basket, choke). Resultant forces calculated. |
| Ground assessment | Bearing capacity confirmed. Outrigger loads calculated (manufacturer data). Crane mat size/specification. Underground structures. |
| Setup location | Position plan. Slewing arc. Access for crane transport. |
| Exclusion zone | Dimensions from load path plus drop zone. Control: hard barriers/banksmen. Confirmed clear before lift-off. |
| Overhead hazards | Power lines: voltage, clearance, or made dead. Adjacent structures. Clear slew arc confirmed. |
| Environmental | Wind speed limit. Anemometer. Poor visibility procedure. Night lift considerations. |
| Pre-lift meeting | Date/time. Attendees. Confirmation all understood. |
| AP authorisation | Appointed Person signature confirming plan adequate and lift may proceed. |
3. Common Mistakes
Operating at over 75% capacity without critical lift protocol
At 90% capacity, an unexpected 10% increase (swing, wind, additional material) would exceed the SWL. The percentage of capacity must be calculated, and if it exceeds 75%, the critical lift protocol must be triggered: AP on site throughout and a pre-lift meeting conducted.
Crane setup position changed on day without re-planning
A different position may have different ground conditions, require a different radius, and change the capacity percentage. The AP must re-assess before the crane sets up in a different position to the one in the plan.
No pre-lift briefing for complex lifts
The pre-lift briefing is not optional. It is the moment all personnel confirm their understanding of the plan, their roles, and the emergency procedure. A crane operator, slinger, and banksman who have never spoken before the lift do not constitute a coordinated team.
Incomplete exclusion zone management
The exclusion zone must be established and confirmed clear before lift-off, not managed by shouting during the lift. Physical barriers or dedicated banksmen are required. The zone extends beyond the load path to account for swing. All site personnel must be informed in advance.
Not confirming overhead power line clearances
Contact with overhead power lines causes fatalities. All lines must be identified and either: minimum safe clearance maintained (ENA guidance: up to 33kV = 9m, 132kV = 15m, 275kV/400kV = 23m); or the line made dead by the DNO. Visual estimation is not adequate — distances must be surveyed and documented.
4. Frequently Asked Questions
What is the minimum safe distance from overhead power lines?▾
HSE/ENA guidance varies by voltage: up to 33kV = 9m; 132kV = 15m; 275kV and 400kV = 23m. These distances apply to the jib, load, AND all rigging in any foreseeable position. If the clearance cannot be maintained, the DNO must arrange diversion, insulation, or temporary de-energisation.
When is a tower crane plan different from a mobile crane plan?▾
Tower crane specific considerations include: long-term fixed installation; foundation design (structural engineer); climbing procedures; slewing arc sectors with restrictions; and wind speed monitoring at height. BS 7121 Part 5 specifically addresses tower crane safety.
Does a HIAB require a lift plan?▾
Yes. A HIAB is a lifting appliance subject to LOLER. Routine straightforward lifts may use a standing operating procedure. Non-routine lifts (near overhead lines, over pedestrian areas, unusual loads) require a specific written plan by a competent person.
What qualifications should the Appointed Person hold?▾
CPCS A61 (Appointed Person) — formal certification. Requires: thorough knowledge of crane types and limitations; load assessment and centre of gravity; ground condition assessment; exclusion zone management; and emergency procedures. The AP is separate from the crane operator (CPCS A02) — these are distinct roles for complex lifts.
Generate your Crane Lift Plan on Construction Suite
Construction Suite walks you through every required section with a guided Q&A — built to LOLER 1998 — and generates a professionally formatted document in minutes.
Get started freeThis guide is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. While every effort is made to ensure accuracy, regulations change and individual project circumstances vary. Construction Suite is a trading name of Xzist Digital Ltd, registered in England and Wales.